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Relay program

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The Relay program consisted of Relay 1 and Relay 2, two early American <a href="Satellite" title="Satellite">satellites</a> in elliptical <a href="Medium_Earth_orbit" title="Medium Earth orbit">medium Earth orbit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> Both were primarily experimental <a href="Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">communications satellites</a> funded by <a href="NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> and developed by <a href="RCA" title="RCA">RCA</a>.<a href="#cite_note-martin_2000-2">[2]</a> As of December 2, 2016, both satellites were still in orbit.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Relay 1 provided the first American television transmissions across the Pacific Ocean.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relay_1">Relay 1 </h2></div>

Relay 1 (<a href="COSPAR" class="mw-redirect" title="COSPAR">COSPAR</a> satellite ID: Relay 1 1962-Beta-Upsilon 1 (62BU1)) was launched atop a <a href="Delta_B" title="Delta B">Delta B</a> rocket (355/D-15) on December 13, 1962, from <a href="LC-17A" class="mw-redirect" title="LC-17A">LC-17A</a> at <a href="Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Canaveral Air Force Station">Cape Canaveral Air Force Station</a>.<a href="#cite_note-gunter-5">[5]</a> Its payload included <a href="Radiation" title="Radiation">radiation</a> experiments designed to map the Earth's <a href="Radiation_belt" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiation belt">radiation belts</a>.

The <a href="Spin-stabilized_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Spin-stabilized satellite">spin-stabilized satellite</a> had an initial spin rate of 167.3 rpm and an initial spin axis orientation with a declination of -68.3 deg and a right ascension of -56 deg. Its orbital period was 185.09 minutes, with an apogee of 7500 km and a perigee of 1300 km.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

Shortly after launch, two basic problems evolved. One was the satellite's response to spurious commands, and the other was the leakage of a high-power regulator. This leakage caused the first two weeks of satellite operation to be useless. After this period, satellite operation returned to normal. The satellite carried one transmitter for tracking and one for <a href="Telemetry" title="Telemetry">telemetry</a>. The telemetry system was <a href="Pulse-code_modulation" title="Pulse-code modulation">PCM</a> at 1152 bit/s. Each 128 words per telemetry frame (of one second duration) used 113 words for the particle experiment.

Relay 1 was the first satellite to broadcast television from the United States to Japan. The first broadcast during orbit 2677 (1963-11-22, 2027:42-2048 (GMT), or 1:27 pm Dallas time) was to be a prerecorded address from the president of the United States to the Japanese people, but was instead the announcement of the <a href="John_F._Kennedy_assassination" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy assassination">John F. Kennedy assassination</a>. On orbit 2678, this satellite carried a broadcast titled Record, Life of the Late John F. Kennedy, the first television program broadcast simultaneously in the U.S. and Japan.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> In later orbits, <a href="NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> transmitted coverage of the funeral procession from the White House to the cathedral.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> In the three days following the Kennedy assassination, Relay 1 handled a total of 11 spot broadcasts; eight to Europe and three to Japan. All the useful passes of the satellite were made available to permit immediate coverage of the tragic events.<a href="#cite_note-NASA-SP-93-10">[10]</a>

In August 1964, this satellite was used as the United States-Europe link for the broadcast of the <a href="1964_Summer_Olympics" title="1964 Summer Olympics">1964 Summer Olympics</a> from <a href="Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>,<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> after the signal was relayed to the United States via <a href="Syncom_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Syncom 3">Syncom 3</a>.<a href="#cite_note-martin_2000-2">[2]</a> This marked the first time that two satellites were used in tandem for a television broadcast.<a href="#cite_note-NASA-SP-93-10">[10]</a>

The leakage problem caused the <a href="Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">spacecraft</a> to revert to a low voltage state early in 1965. Sporadic transmission occurred until February 10, 1965, after which no usable scientific data was obtained.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relay_2">Relay 2 </h2></div>

Relay 2 (COSPAR satellite ID: Relay 2 1964-003A) was launched atop a <a href="Delta_B" title="Delta B">Delta B</a> rocket (373/D-23) on January 21, 1964, from <a href="LC-17B" class="mw-redirect" title="LC-17B">LC-17B</a> at <a href="Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Canaveral Air Force Station">Cape Canaveral Air Force Station</a>.<a href="#cite_note-gunter-5">[5]</a> Apogee was 7600 and perigee 1870 km.

It was physically similar to Relay 1. Design changes in this satellite improved its performance so response to spurious commands was essentially eliminated.

NASA ceased operations with Relay 2 on September 26, 1965, with the repurposing of the <a href="Goldstone_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex">Mojave Desert Ground Station</a>, the only one in the world equipped to communicate with the satellite, for use with the <a href="Applications_Technology_Satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Applications Technology Satellite">Applications Technology Satellite</a> program. The final broadcast was of Sen. B. Everett Jordon (D-N.C.) opening the week-long International Exposition of the American Textile Machinery Association in Exposition Hall in Atlantic City.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a>

One of the two onboard <a href="Transponder" title="Transponder">transponders</a> operated normally until November 20, 1966. From that time until its failure on January 20, 1967, it required a longer time than normal to come on. The other transponder continued to operate until June 9, 1967, when it too failed to operate normally.

On June 13, 2025, a brief radio signal was detected from Relay 2, which may have been an electrostatic discharge event or a cloud of charged plasma from a collision with a <a href="Micrometeorite" title="Micrometeorite">micrometeorite</a>.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a>

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<ul><li><a href="List_of_communications_satellite_firsts" title="List of communications satellite firsts">List of communications satellite firsts</a></li>

<li>Launch data:

<ul><li><a href="1962_in_spaceflight_(July%E2%80%93December)" class="mw-redirect" title="1962 in spaceflight (July–December)">1962 in spaceflight (July–December)</a> (Relay 1)</li>

<li><a href="1964_in_spaceflight_(January%E2%80%93June)" class="mw-redirect" title="1964 in spaceflight (January–June)">1964 in spaceflight (January–June)</a> (Relay 2)</li></ul></li>

<li><a href="State_funeral_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="State funeral of John F. Kennedy">State funeral of John F. Kennedy</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/displayTrajectory.action?id=1964-003A">"NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Telemetry Details"</a>. nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved February 17, 2022.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-martin_2000-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-martin_2000_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-martin_2000_2-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMartin2000" class="citation book cs1">Martin, Donald H. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_azf94TByF8C">Communications Satellites</a> (fourth ed.). El Segundo, CA: The Aerospace Press. pp. 8–9. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1-884989-09-8</bdi>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161203061148/https://usspaceobjectsregistry.state.gov/Lists/SpaceObjects/DispForm.aspx?ID=187&source=%2FPages%2FSearch.aspx">"Relay 2 Space Object"</a>. U.S. Space Objects Registry. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usspaceobjectsregistry.state.gov/Lists/SpaceObjects/DispForm.aspx?ID=187&source=/Pages/Search.aspx">the original</a> on December 3, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161203061058/https://usspaceobjectsregistry.state.gov/Lists/SpaceObjects/DispForm.aspx?ID=120&source=%2FPages%2FSearch.aspx">"Relay 1 Space Object"</a>. U.S. Space Objects Registry. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://usspaceobjectsregistry.state.gov/Lists/SpaceObjects/DispForm.aspx?ID=120&source=/Pages/Search.aspx">the original</a> on December 3, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-gunter-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gunter_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gunter_5-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/delta-b.htm">"Delta-B"</a>. Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved April 10, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19660000937/downloads/19660000937.pdf">"Final Report on the Relay 1 Program"</a> (PDF). NASA-SP-76. NASA. 1966. p. 63. Retrieved February 7, 2021.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19660000937/downloads/19660000937.pdf">"Final Report on the Relay 1 Program"</a> (PDF). NASA-SP-76. NASA. 1966. p. 663. Retrieved February 7, 2021.</cite> (list of actual orbit dates and times)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFNBC_News1966" class="citation book cs1"><a href="NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a> (1966). There Was a President. New York: <a href="Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFShepard1963" class="citation news cs1">Shepard, Richard F. (November 26, 1963). "TELEVISION POOLS CAMERA COVERAGE". <a href="The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. p. 11.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-NASA-SP-93-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NASA-SP-93_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NASA-SP-93_10-1">b</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100514083032/https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19660009169_1966009169.pdf">"Significant Achievements in Space Communications and Navigation, 1958-1964"</a> (PDF). NASA-SP-93. NASA. 1966. pp. 30–32. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19660009169_1966009169.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on May 14, 2010. Retrieved February 7, 2021.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_kE4z-LYHA">NASA SYNCOM 3 GEOSYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITE PROMO FILM 19114z</a>, retrieved April 7, 2023</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.nasa.gov/AAchronologies/1965.pdf">"Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1965"</a> (PDF). NASA. pp. 449–450. Retrieved April 24, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFWilkins2025" class="citation web cs1">Wilkins, Alex (June 20, 2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/2485157-dead-nasa-satellite-unexpectedly-emits-powerful-radio-pulse/">"Dead NASA satellite unexpectedly emits powerful radio pulse"</a>. New Scientist. Retrieved June 20, 2025.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFJamesDellerDialGlowacki2025" class="citation web cs1">James, C. W.; Deller, A. T.; Dial, T.; Glowacki, M.; Tingay, S. J.; Bannister, K. W.; Bera, A.; Bhat, N. D. R.; Ekers, R. D. (June 13, 2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11462">"A nanosecond-duration radio pulse originating from the defunct Relay 2 satellite"</a>. <a href="ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.48550%2FarXiv.2506.11462">10.48550/arXiv.2506.11462</a>. arXiv:2506.11462. Retrieved June 29, 2025.</cite>

</li>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li>NASA Space Science Data Center description:

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1962-068A">Relay 1</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1964-003A">Relay 2</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/File:NASA_FACTS_PROJECT_RELAY_G-12-62_page_01.jpg" class="extiw external" title="s:File:NASA FACTS PROJECT RELAY G-12-62 page 01.jpg">NASA FACTS PROJECT RELAY G-12-62</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="←_1961Orbital_launches_in_19621963_→535" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="1961_in_spaceflight" title="1961 in spaceflight">← 1961</a></div><a href="1962_in_spaceflight" title="1962 in spaceflight">Orbital launches in 1962</a><div style="float: right;"><a href="1963_in_spaceflight" title="1963 in spaceflight">1963 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Discoverer_37" title="Discoverer 37">Discoverer 37</a></li>

<li><a href="SOLRAD_4" title="SOLRAD 4">SOLRAD 4</a></li>

<li><a href="LOFTI_2" title="LOFTI 2">LOFTI 2</a></li>

<li><a href="SECOR" title="SECOR">SECOR</a></li>

<li><a href="Injun_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Injun 2">Injun 2</a></li>

<li><a href="Surcal_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Surcal 1">Surcal 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Ranger_3" title="Ranger 3">Ranger 3</a></li>

<li><a href="TIROS-4" title="TIROS-4">TIROS-4</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercury-Atlas_6" title="Mercury-Atlas 6">Mercury-Atlas 6</a></li>

<li><a href="Discoverer_38" class="mw-redirect" title="Discoverer 38">Discoverer 38</a></li>

<li><a href="Samos_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Samos 6">Samos 6</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_1" title="Kosmos 1">Kosmos 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_2" title="Kosmos 2">Kosmos 2</a></li>

<li>Midas 5</li>

<li>Westford Drag</li>

<li><a href="Ranger_4" title="Ranger 4">Ranger 4</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos 3">Kosmos 3</a></li>

<li><a href="Solrad_4B" class="mw-redirect" title="Solrad 4B">Solrad 4B</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_4" title="Kosmos 4">Kosmos 4</a></li>

<li><a href="Ariel_1" title="Ariel 1">Ariel 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercury-Atlas_7" title="Mercury-Atlas 7">Mercury-Atlas 7</a> (Balloon Subsatellite 1)</li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_5" title="Kosmos 5">Kosmos 5</a></li>

<li>Zenit-2 No.3</li>

<li><a href="OSCAR_2" title="OSCAR 2">OSCAR 2</a></li>

<li><a href="TIROS-5" title="TIROS-5">TIROS-5</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_6" title="Kosmos 6">Kosmos 6</a></li>

<li><a href="Telstar_1" title="Telstar 1">Telstar 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Mariner_1" title="Mariner 1">Mariner 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_7" title="Kosmos 7">Kosmos 7</a></li>

<li><a href="Vostok_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Vostok 3">Vostok 3</a></li>

<li><a href="Vostok_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Vostok 4">Vostok 4</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_8" title="Kosmos 8">Kosmos 8</a></li>

<li><a href="Venera_2MV-1_No.1" title="Venera 2MV-1 No.1">Venera 2MV-1 No.1</a></li>

<li><a href="Mariner_2" title="Mariner 2">Mariner 2</a></li>

<li><a href="Venera_2MV-1_No.2" title="Venera 2MV-1 No.2">Venera 2MV-1 No.2</a></li>

<li><a href="Venera_2MV-2_No.1" title="Venera 2MV-2 No.1">Venera 2MV-2 No.1</a></li>

<li><a href="TIROS-6" title="TIROS-6">TIROS-6</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_9" title="Kosmos 9">Kosmos 9</a></li>

<li><a href="Alouette_1" title="Alouette 1">Alouette 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Explorer_14" title="Explorer 14">Explorer 14</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercury-Atlas_8" title="Mercury-Atlas 8">Mercury-Atlas 8</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_10" title="Kosmos 10">Kosmos 10</a></li>

<li><a href="Ranger_5" title="Ranger 5">Ranger 5</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_11" title="Kosmos 11">Kosmos 11</a></li>

<li><a href="STARAD" title="STARAD">STARAD</a></li>

<li><a href="Explorer_15" title="Explorer 15">Explorer 15</a></li>

<li><a href="Injun_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Injun 3">Injun 3</a></li>

<li><a href="Surcal_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Surcal 2">Surcal 2</a></li>

<li>Calsphere 1</li>

<li><a href="Relay_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Relay 1">Relay 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Explorer_16" title="Explorer 16">Explorer 16</a></li>

<li>Midas 6</li>

<li>Transit 5A-1</li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_12" title="Kosmos 12">Kosmos 12</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in underline. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_1963Orbital_launches_in_19641965_→535" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="←_1963Orbital_launches_in_19641965_→535" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="1963_in_spaceflight" title="1963 in spaceflight">← 1963</a></div><a href="1964_in_spaceflight" title="1964 in spaceflight">Orbital launches in 1964</a><div style="float: right;"><a href="1965_in_spaceflight" title="1965 in spaceflight">1965 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Poppy_(satellite)" title="Poppy (satellite)">Poppy 3</a></li>

<li><a href="SOLRAD_7A" title="SOLRAD 7A">SOLRAD 7A</a></li>

<li>SECOR 1</li>

<li><a href="Relay_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Relay 2">Relay 2</a></li>

<li><a href="Saturn_I_SA-5" title="Saturn I SA-5">Jupiter Nosecone</a></li>

<li><a href="Elektron_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektron 1">Elektron 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Elektron_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektron 2">Elektron 2</a></li>

<li><a href="Ranger_6" title="Ranger 6">Ranger 6</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_25" title="Kosmos 25">Kosmos 25</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_26" title="Kosmos 26">Kosmos 26</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_27" title="Kosmos 27">Kosmos 27</a></li>

<li><a href="Ariel_2" title="Ariel 2">Ariel 2</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_28" title="Kosmos 28">Kosmos 28</a></li>

<li><a href="Gemini_1" title="Gemini 1">Gemini 1</a></li>

<li>Polyot 2</li>

<li>Transit 5BN-3</li>

<li>Transit 5E-4</li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_29" title="Kosmos 29">Kosmos 29</a></li>

<li>Kosmos 30</li>

<li><a href="AS-101" title="AS-101">Apollo AS-101</a></li>

<li><a href="Molniya-1_No.2" title="Molniya-1 No.2">Molniya-1 No.2</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_31" title="Kosmos 31">Kosmos 31</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_32" title="Kosmos 32">Kosmos 32</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_33" title="Kosmos 33">Kosmos 33</a></li>

<li>Atlas-Centaur 3</li>

<li>Kosmos 34</li>

<li><a href="Elektron_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektron 3">Elektron 3</a></li>

<li><a href="Elektron_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektron 4">Elektron 4</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_35" title="Kosmos 35">Kosmos 35</a></li>

<li><a href="Ranger_7" title="Ranger 7">Ranger 7</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_36" title="Kosmos 36">Kosmos 36</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_37" title="Kosmos 37">Kosmos 37</a></li>

<li>Kosmos 38</li>

<li>Kosmos 39</li>

<li>Kosmos 40</li>

<li><a href="Syncom_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Syncom 3">Syncom 3</a></li>

<li>Kosmos 41</li>

<li>Kosmos 42</li>

<li>Kosmos 43</li>

<li>Kosmos 44</li>

<li>Titan 3A-2</li>

<li>Kosmos 45</li>

<li><a href="AS-102" title="AS-102">Apollo AS-102</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_46" title="Kosmos 46">Kosmos 46</a></li>

<li><a href="Explorer_21" title="Explorer 21">Explorer 21</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_47" title="Kosmos 47">Kosmos 47</a></li>

<li>Dragsphere 1</li>

<li>Dragsphere 2</li>

<li><a href="Explorer_22" title="Explorer 22">Explorer 22</a></li>

<li><a href="Voskhod_1" title="Voskhod 1">Voskhod 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_48" title="Kosmos 48">Kosmos 48</a></li>

<li>Strela-1 No.6</li>

<li>Strela-1 No.7</li>

<li>Strela-1 No.8</li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_49" title="Kosmos 49">Kosmos 49</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_50" title="Kosmos 50">Kosmos 50</a></li>

<li><a href="Mariner_3" title="Mariner 3">Mariner 3</a></li>

<li><a href="Explorer_23" title="Explorer 23">Explorer 23</a></li>

<li><a href="Explorer_24" title="Explorer 24">Explorer 24</a></li>

<li><a href="Explorer_25" title="Explorer 25">Explorer 25</a></li>

<li><a href="Mariner_4" title="Mariner 4">Mariner 4</a></li>

<li><a href="Kosmos_51" title="Kosmos 51">Kosmos 51</a></li>

<li>Titan 3A-1</li>

<li>Surveyor Mass Model</li>

<li>Transit 5E-5</li>

<li><a href="San_Marco_1" title="San Marco 1">San Marco 1</a></li>

<li><a href="Explorer_26" title="Explorer 26">Explorer 26</a></li>

</div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-26" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Relay_program&oldid=1302671564">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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